According to the Bible, Emmaus was the place where the resurrected Jesus appeared to his disciples. It was supposed to be a settlement located 11 kilometers from Jerusalem. This story, full of mystery and profound change, reveals a breakthrough moment of recognition and spiritual enlightenment. Michał Wyrostkiewicz, a theologian from the Catholic University of Lublin, emphasizes how surprising it was for the students to discover the identity of their companion only while breaking bread. Derived from the Hebrew word meaning “hot springs”, Emmaus has become a symbol of spiritual journey, discovery and growth.
Especially considering the geographical location of the settlement from 2,000 years ago. For years, there has been no consensus in the scientific world.
Recent excavations in Kirjath Je'arim (approx. 10 km from Jerusalem) may shed new light on the location of the biblical Emmaus. Although this place has aroused numerous discussions over the years, archaeological discoveries suggest that it may be a place described in the Gospel. Of course, there are also skeptical voices, emphasizing that without clear evidence, it is difficult to indicate the location of Emmaus.
The other two locations indicated by researchers as probable biblical Emmaus are the area of the former Roman city of Emmaus Nicopolis, located approximately 30 km from Jerusalem. The last potential site is Al-Kubayba, 11 km away from Jerusalem, located on the former Roman route. The alleged meeting of the disciples with Jesus is commemorated by the Basilica of St. Cleopas.
“There are various hypotheses and this has its charm because it allows us to assume that in reality Emmaus symbolizes every place: the road that leads to it is the path of every Christian, every person. The Risen Jesus walks with us on our paths to kindle in our the flame of faith and hope in our hearts and break the bread of eternal life,” said Pope Benedict XVI in 2008.
Emmaus also evolved into a concept with broader cultural significance. For many modern residents, this name is associated with urban locations or bus stops, unconsciously referring to the historical tradition of a place of meetings and rest. Aleksander Masłowski, an enthusiast of the history of Gdańsk, emphasizes that “Emausy” were places where travelers could rest on their way to the city.
Emmaus also found its place in literature, becoming a motif for works describing humanity's spiritual journey towards God. This literary genre, developing a dialogue about faith and discovery, emphasizes the universal dimension of Emmaus as a symbol of spiritual search.
Today, Emmaus is primarily a symbol of the path followed by Catholics, seeking a deeper understanding of themselves and their place in the world. Emmaus reminds us of the journey of every Christian and human being – the path to discovering what is truly important.
Emmaus, from its biblical roots to contemporary interpretations, remains a place rich in meaning and inspiration. It is a reminder that history, faith and culture are deeply intertwined, leading us through the centuries to reflect on life and discover the truth.
***